Developing a commercial drug typically takes 15 years and costs approximately 1.5 billion dollars

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Following Terry Bradshaw's retirement from the NFL, Terry Bradshaw suffered a severe panic attack in Miami that required emergency transport by ambulance

The tube test is a neurobehavioral laboratory assay used in rodents to evaluate social dominance, competitive drive, and persistence

Neurobiological research by Dr. Lindsay Schwarz demonstrates that specific midline thalamic circuits regulate behavioral switches between forward engagement, freezing, and retreat in response to predatory threats

In rodent tube test experiments, prior winning experiences increase the statistical probability of subsequent victories in future bouts

Terry Bradshaw underwent three days of brain testing at Yale University, which showed no evidence of dementia or Alzheimer's disease

Silencing specific prefrontal cortical neural circuits in mice causes previously dominant mice to lose territory battles in the rodent tube test

Experimental optogenetic or electrical activation of prefrontal cortical circuits in mice transforms previously subordinate mice into persistent winners in the tube test

Neurosurgical patients self-stimulating the midline thalamus in Dr. Robert Heath's studies reported feelings of mild frustration and anger that they experienced as highly arousing and motivating

Former Pittsburgh Steelers center Mike Webster died after experiencing severe cognitive decline, during which Mike Webster lived out of cars and under bridges

Terry Bradshaw took a one-year hiatus from performing in Branson, Missouri, to undergo hip replacement surgery

Katherine May became seriously ill while writing Wintering and could not finish working out her job notice period

In clinical neurosurgical experiments conducted by Dr. Robert Heath, patients with implanted intracranial electrodes most frequently chose to self-stimulate regions of the midline thalamus

Prolonged exposure to cold water during endurance swimming can induce severe hypothermia, rhabdomyolysis, and cellulitis

After a doctor in Miami recommended immediate heart surgery following Terry Bradshaw's panic attack, Bradshaw snuck out of a hospital in the middle of the night

Following his escape from a Miami hospital, Terry Bradshaw flew to a Fort Worth hospital where angiogram tests showed no arterial blockages

Tim Noakes formulated the central governor theory proposing that the brain regulates exercise performance to prevent catastrophic physiological failure

Terry Bradshaw's Merkel cell carcinoma tumor was discovered during an MRI conducted at Yale University to investigate persistent neck spasms

Terry Bradshaw underwent immunotherapy to treat his diagnosis of bladder cancer

The University of Iceland partnered with Ross Edgley during his Iceland swim to collect environmental DNA samples to track marine biodiversity

The NFL introduced rules to protect players from head injuries in the late 1980s and 1990s following concussions and player deaths linked to chronic traumatic encephalopathy