Rodent studies demonstrated that consumption of dietary emulsifiers induced anxiety-like behaviors through alterations in the gut microbiome

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In a 2023 closed clinical trial, consuming fermentable fiber caused gut microbes to consume approximately 100 calories per day for microbial biomass replication

Gut microbiome composition can predict whether an individual will achieve successful weight loss on a dietary intervention

Microbial fermentation of fiber generates short-chain fatty acids that trigger colonic L cells and I cells to release satiety hormones including GLP-1, GIP, and PYY

Non-nutritive alternative sweeteners pass unabsorbed into the colon, where gut bacteria metabolize them into various biochemical byproducts

Metabolism of non-caloric alternative sweeteners by gut microbes alters the overall composition and bacterial profile of the microbiome

Combining histamine H1 receptor blockers and histamine H2 receptor blockers can decrease mast cell activation and localized intestinal inflammation

Inhalation or ingestion of mold toxins can induce mast cell activation and exacerbate chronic digestive inflammation

Microorganisms within the human microbiome assist the human body with physiological regulation and survival

Soluble fiber acts as a metabolic fuel source for beneficial gut bacteria

Inulin consumption can cause intestinal inflammation comparable to the effects of dietary gluten

Insoluble fiber does not break down during digestion and provides a physical scaffold for gut bacteria

Helminth therapy uses parasitic worms, such as rat tapeworms or pig whipworms, to suppress host intestinal immune inflammation

Fecal microbiota transplantation involves transferring stool from a healthy donor into the gastrointestinal tract of an individual to restore microbial balance

Fecal microbiota transplantation is commonly used in medical settings to treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections

Macrophages in the human intestine phagocytose pathogens encountered during digestion

Infants fed infant formula containing corn syrup solids show significantly altered gut microbiome development by six months of age compared to breastfed infants

Rodent studies demonstrate that dietary emulsifier consumption is associated with increased anxiety-like behaviors mediated through microbiome alterations

Unabsorbed sweeteners undergo metabolism by gut microbiota

Increased gut permeability allows intestinal contents to leak into systemic circulation, promoting systemic inflammation

Dietary emulsifiers disrupt the intestinal mucosal barrier, causing increased gut permeability