The American military entered World War I unprepared for the cold climate of Northern Europe

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Fritz Haber oversaw Germany's military chemical weapons development and deployment of chlorine and toxic gases during World War I

Military fortifications transitioned underground from above-ground stone castles to artillery fortresses, World War I trenches, Maginot Line concrete bunkers, and Cold War nuclear bunkers

In 1914, German officials dismissed the 1839 international treaty guaranteeing Belgian neutrality as a scrap of paper before invading Belgium

During World War I, soldiers used glow worms kept in jars as a light source to read maps and letters

Britain made unfulfilled promises to Arab leaders who helped the Allies defeat the Ottoman Empire in World War I

The Balfour Declaration was partly intended to encourage the United States to join the Allies in World War I

The Sykes-Picot Pact had already divided Ottoman lands between Britain, France, and Russia, nullifying promises to Arabs

The League of Nations granted Britain the Mandate for Palestine in 1923

Sebastian Fowlkes's father served as a soldier in Palestine during 1945-46

The 1917 Balfour Declaration promised support for a Jewish national home in Palestine

Combat conditions during the Meuse-Argonne offensive were rainy, muddy, and freezing

The Meuse-Argonne offensive is the deadliest campaign in United States military history

In the fall of 1918, over one million American men were involved in the Meuse-Argonne offensive on the Western Front

The U.S. military's technological focus in World War I was on weapons, artillery, supply lines, and communication

During World War I, the U.S. military did not consider clothing to be a form of technology

Soldiers in World War I engaged in trench warfare, fighting from ditches in the mud

Soldiers were issued a single wool blanket that was often wet and dirty

The standard-issue wool overcoat became extremely heavy when wet, making it unsuitable for combat

The wool overcoats intended to keep soldiers warm instead caused them harm

American soldiers in World War I were issued standard wool overcoats