The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine based its 2025-2026 winter energy grid findings on interviews with 255 people across nine Ukrainian regions, including Kyiv, Kharkiv, Dnipro, Kherson, and Odesa

An ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine that was sparked with Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014 and escalated into a full-scale invasion in February 2022, resulting in widespread casualties, displacement and significant geopolitical consequences for Europe and the world.