Private-sector partners identified more than $11 million in funds potentially available for freezing during the West Africa scam operation.

Overview Debates Related claims Topics Sources

Judge Alvin K. Hellerstein ruled under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60 that newly acquired knowledge of facts existing when the January 2025 consent order was entered does not constitute a significant change in factual circumstances

The CFTC filed a lawsuit in 2022 alleging Gemini Trust Company made false or misleading statements of material fact in 2017 regarding a Bitcoin futures contract relying on Gemini auction prices

Kazakh authorities restricted access to Coinbase in 2023 for regulatory non-compliance, while Kazakhstan's Financial Monitoring Agency blocked access to nearly 1,000 unregistered crypto exchanges in 2023

The Astana Financial Services Authority issued warnings to more than 20 cryptocurrency platforms regarding Astana International Financial Centre regulatory compliance rules during 2025

Kazakh cryptocurrency traders transitioning to authorized platforms must complete required onboarding and identity verification procedures mandated by local regulators

Nine cryptocurrency platforms voluntarily blocked app access for users in Kazakhstan, prompting the Astana Financial Services Authority to withdraw its court claims against those operators

Fireblocks provides custody infrastructure and key management for Monfi USD (MUSD), while Chainalysis provides on-chain monitoring and sanctions screening.

Recovered funds exceeding 10,000 euros resulting from cross-border crypto enforcement operations will be split equally among the nations involved.

The Warsaw Convention Additional Protocol expands the powers of national Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs), allowing them to suspend crypto transactions if they suspect links to money laundering.

The Warsaw Convention Additional Protocol prompts signatory nations to establish specialized Asset Recovery Offices to confiscate digital assets and Asset Management Offices to hold digital assets involved in illicit activities.

The Warsaw Convention Additional Protocol enables the urgent confiscation of virtual assets without prior notice when a transaction risk is identified.

The Warsaw Convention Additional Protocol modernizes the original treaty by expanding its scope to cover virtual assets, crypto assets, and virtual asset service providers (VASPs) to combat money laundering and terrorism financing.

Cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase helped trace illicit funds, support asset freezes, identify more than 65 active scam victims, and prevent over $415,000 in potential losses.

Coinbase's Global Intelligence team connected public blockchain transactions with evidence from social media profiles, messaging accounts, and fraudulent websites to identify scam operations.

Cryptocurrency exchange Binance participated in the U.S. Department of Justice joint crackdown to assist law enforcement with tracing suspected fraud and identifying suspicious accounts.

The U.S. Department of Justice described the October 2026 London event as the first joint operation focused on West Africa.

Law enforcement authorities in Ghana and Nigeria arrested 28 people during an international crackdown on West African cryptocurrency investment fraud and online scam networks.

The European Securities and Markets Authority's register of non-compliant crypto-asset service providers increased by five entries to 178 on October 16, 2026, following information supplied by Italian regulators.

The U.S. Department of the Treasury proposed using customer information, geographic restrictions, device-location checks, and transaction monitoring to support its reasonably believes counterparty location assessment.

The Blockchain Association urged the U.S. Department of the Treasury to clarify that criminal liability for knowing participation in unlawful stablecoin issuance requires actual knowledge and affirmative, substantial assistance.