Arc operates under proof-of-authority rules at launch with a permissioned validator set, with plans to explore a transition to a permissioned proof-of-stake model in 2027.

How blockchain protocols make collective decisions about upgrades, funding, and rules, whether through on-chain voting, off-chain social consensus, or foundation stewardship.

Rules by which distributed networks agree on a shared ledger, from proof of work mining to proof of stake validation, trading off security, energy use, and decentralization.