Adam Back publicly asserted on September 27, 2026, that Justin Bieber's Bored Ape Yacht Club NFT, purchased for $1.3 million in January 2022, has zero or negative value.

Cryptocurrencies, blockchains, and the broader on-chain economy.

Digital assets that run on blockchains rather than banks, from Bitcoin and Ethereum to thousands of smaller tokens.

Unique blockchain-based tokens proving ownership and provenance of digital or physical items on-chain.