Section 3 of the GENIUS Act provides criminal penalties for knowing participation in unauthorized stablecoin issuance, including fines up to $1 million per violation, imprisonment up to five years, or both.

Comprehensive legal regimes for digital assets, such as the EU's MiCA and proposed US market-structure bills, defining how tokens are issued, traded, and supervised.

Laws and rules for fiat-pegged tokens, from the US GENIUS Act to Europe's MiCA, covering reserves, licensing and yield restrictions.