Kazakh authorities restricted access to Coinbase in 2023 for regulatory non-compliance, while Kazakhstan's Financial Monitoring Agency blocked access to nearly 1,000 unregistered crypto exchanges in 2023

Lawsuits, settlements and criminal cases brought by regulators and prosecutors against crypto firms and individuals.

Licensing, custody, and market-conduct rules for platforms where people trade digital assets, shaped by collapses like FTX and jurisdictional disputes between regulators.