THORChain's emergency pause mechanism was activated after an Ethereum reorg caused a duplicate 10 ETH refund to be processed, catching the anomaly post-transaction rather than preventing it beforehand

Financial services rebuilt as onchain protocols, offering lending, trading, derivatives and yield without traditional intermediaries.

Thefts and exploits that drain funds from exchanges, protocols and bridges, with their post-mortems, laundering routes and recoveries.

Technologies that let separate blockchains exchange assets and messages, including bridges, cross-chain messaging protocols, and shared security layers.