An amendment to XRP Ledger rules requires continuous approval from over 80% of the network's 35 default trusted validators—at least 29 votes—for two consecutive weeks before activating.

How blockchain protocols make collective decisions about upgrades, funding, and rules, whether through on-chain voting, off-chain social consensus, or foundation stewardship.

Rules by which distributed networks agree on a shared ledger, from proof of work mining to proof of stake validation, trading off security, energy use, and decentralization.