Joshua Monrad categorizes biological risks into four phases: human-created bioweapons, AI-enabled human uplift, AI agents socially engineering humans, and end-to-end autonomous AI bioweapon execution

Ebola, polio, epidemic preparedness, outbreak containment, and global health security.

Ethical issues in medicine and biomedical research: gene editing, reproductive technology, end-of-life care, organ markets, performance enhancement, and dual-use research.