The term "misinformation" was added as an official Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) term in the National Library of Medicine by 2021

Overview Debates Related claims Topics

A prospective double-blind trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that high-dose vitamin A reduces mortality in measles pneumonitis

Studies led by Chau and Acharya in 2021 demonstrated equivalent nasal viral loads between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals infected with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2

United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance cautioned that RT-PCR testing cycle thresholds exceeding 25 to 30 cycles significantly increase the likelihood of false-positive results

Dr. Peter McCullough and colleagues published a case report in the European Society of Medicine documenting intact Pfizer mRNA and circulating spike protein in a patient three and a half years post-vaccination

A study by Panagis Polykretis and Dr. Peter McCullough reported a tenfold increase in sudden cardiac arrest incidents among European professional athletes under age 35 in 2021 compared to prior averages

A study published by Daniels and colleagues across NCAA athletic programs reported no COVID-19 hospitalizations or deaths among collegiate athletes

The multi-hit oncogenesis hypothesis for COVID-19 published by Bustos in the Cureus Journal of Medical Science outlines potential cancer-promoting mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and mRNA

Research published in Korea by Rowe and colleagues analyzing national health data observed an increased incidence of neurological disorders following COVID-19 vaccination

A study published in Circulation by Yonker and colleagues linked circulating unbound spike protein in adolescents to post-mRNA vaccination myocarditis

Independent genomic analyses by Kevin McKernan and Dr. David Speicher identified Simian Virus 40 (SV40) promoter and enhancer DNA sequences in vials of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines

DeepSeek utilizes Group Relative Policy Optimization and manifold hyper-connections in its model development

Animal models exist to study intrinsic drug-induced liver injury

Epidemiological data estimates the incidence of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury at approximately 20 cases per 100,000 person-years

In an MIT weight-editing study led by Rukia Takahi, GPT-6 Astra modified 0.016% of the weights in Qwen-350-8B, yielding a sixfold increase on math benchmarks and a threefold increase in instruction following

In a 2026 Demos study, artificial intelligence models repeated or endorsed false claims from the Foundation for Battle and Justice (R-FBI) alleging the Ukrainian government processes dead soldiers into meat products 16% of the time

An MIT research team led by PhD student Rukia Takahi found that GPT-6 Astra can directly read and modify neural network weights of a smaller model to improve performance

GPT-6 Astra resolved reasoning loops in Qwen-350-8B within 50 forward passes without calculating gradients or conducting traditional training

The original Dead Internet theory claimed that governments and corporations were deliberately replacing organic human web traffic with automated bots to control public narratives

The 2026 Demos report 'GEO for Geopolitics' identified the Foundation for Battle and Justice (R-FBI) as the first influence operation designed primarily to optimize for visibility in large language models over search engines

In an MIT study led by Rukia Takahi, GPT-6 Astra generated small game-playing neural networks that outperformed networks trained with Proximal Policy Optimization for 100 million steps