Nikola Tesla demonstrated that energy and information could be transferred through the stone substrate of the Earth

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Agricultural scientist Norman Borlaug developed high-yielding semi-dwarf wheat varieties in Mexico through intensive selective breeding

Norman Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for developing high-yielding agricultural crop varieties that averted widespread starvation

Albert Einstein was a hard determinist who believed he did not deserve praise for proposing the theory of general relativity

Thomas Edison's company sought to own any film that was produced using film stock purchased from his company

Thomas Edison was known as "the wizard of Menlo Park" and was based in New Jersey

Alexander Graham Bell refused to have a telephone in his own study to avoid distraction

Thomas Edison invented the phonograph

Alexander Graham Bell secured the patent for the telephone

Thomas Edison's business practice involved sending thugs to assault people who disagreed with his ownership claims

Albert Einstein's theory of relativity was initially considered outlandish but was still studied and assessed by the scientific community.

Taylor would stop his stopwatch during any movement he considered unproductive, such as talking or adjusting clothing.

Workers who failed to meet Taylor's time standards were either docked pay or fired.

Willard Bundy was inspired to create a time clock after observing a factory's inefficient system of using brass discs in a bucket.

Frederick Taylor used a stopwatch to time every motion of a worker performing a single task.

As the Bundy company expanded, Willard Bundy was demoted to a contract employee working in a rented room.

Taylor classified workers who met his time standards as "first class men."

Frederick Taylor's efficiency methods were implemented at a U.S. Army facility called Watertown Arsenal.

Willard Bundy's younger brother, Harlow Bundy, recognized the commercial potential of the time clock and convinced Willard to start a business.

Taylor created a "central planning office" where staff collected and analyzed workers' time cards.

The punch clock became a key tool for enforcing Frederick Taylor's "standard times" in large factories.