The three "stages" of Ethereum rollup security can be described in terms of when a security council is allowed to override trustless (ie. pure cryptographic or game-theoretic) components:
Quote
Sources
The math of when stage 1 and stage 2 make sense
Referenced by
Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin proposed a three-stage security model for Ethereum Layer 2 rollups
Crypto news
Claim
News event