António Guterres, the United Nations secretary general, spoke at COP31, opening a climate summit

The principal intergovernmental organization for maintaining international peace and security and coordinating cooperation among sovereign states. Its 193 member states engage through the General Assembly, Security Council, and specialized agencies on issues spanning conflict resolution, development, and humanitarian action.

31st Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC, physically hosted by Turkey with Australia presiding over negotiations, convening world leaders for the high-level segment to advance national climate commitments and global decarbonization targets.