Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu urged U.S. President Donald Trump during an October 31, 2026 phone call to strike Iran after the November 3, 2026 U.S. midterm elections, but Trump stated he prefers diplomatic negotiations over resuming military strikes

Escalating conflict between Iran, the US, and regional powers centered on Iran's closure of the Strait of Hormuz, military strikes across the Gulf, NATO's response, and broader diplomatic and economic fallout including sanctions, cyber warfare, and the Israel-Lebanon front. The maritime confrontation between the United States and Iran expanded alongside Iranian missile attacks elsewhere in the region. Iran said it targeted ten vessels near the Strait of Hormuz, while the United States denied that its warships were hit. Jordan said it intercepted 18 of 20 Iranian missiles directed towards a U.S. base, with the remaining two landing in unpopulated areas without reported casualties.

Federal and state elections held midway through a presidential term that determine control of Congress and shape the political direction of the country.