The US government imposed sanctions on the Rwandan defence ministry, military, and a gold refinery over allegations of supporting the M23 rebel movement in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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Despite ongoing international mediation and diplomatic agreements in Washington, armed conflict between Congolese forces and M23 rebels continued across eastern Democratic Republic of Congo through October 2026

On October 28, 2026, the U.S. sanctions targeted the Rwandan military's financial institution, Zigama Credit and Savings Society, for facilitating support to armed movements in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated on October 28, 2026, that Rwanda must halt its support for M23 rebels and withdraw its military forces from eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

United Nations experts and Western governments stated that Rwandan troops have fought alongside and directly guided M23 rebels, despite persistent official denials from the Rwandan government