Bulgaria's acting President Iliana Iotova won the presidential runoff election

An ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine that was sparked with Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014 and escalated into a full-scale invasion in February 2022, resulting in widespread casualties, displacement and significant geopolitical consequences for Europe and the world.

Iliana Iotova and Andrey Gyurov advanced to a presidential runoff on 1 November after a close first round on 25 October that drew record-low turnout, according to AP and Reuters. The concerns over nearby maritime attacks and the war in Ukraine that shaped the campaign carry into the second round.