Renewed fighting in Tigray in September 2026 effectively collapsed the November 2022 Pretoria peace agreement, which had ended a two-year war that Belgian Ghent University researchers estimated caused 500,000 civilian deaths.

From the articleEthiopia’s Tigray rebels urged to disarm as commander vows to fight onAlso in Fighting in Ethiopia and the Risk of Regional Spillover, Tigray rebels urged to disarm as commander vows to fight Ethiopia’s gov’t, Ethiopia’s Tigray rebels urged to disarm as commander vows to fight on