Republicans hold a 53-47 Senate majority entering the November 3, 2026 midterms, while Democrats need a net gain of four seats to secure control of the chamber

Bicameral federal legislature of the United States, made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, which writes law, controls federal spending and oversees the executive branch. Its two chambers represent states and districts on different terms and hold different constitutional powers.

Federal and state elections held midway through a presidential term that determine control of Congress and shape the political direction of the country.