The withdrawal of US forces restores Iraq's sovereignty after more than two decades of foreign military intervention

Body of rules, treaties, and customary norms governing relations between sovereign states and other international actors. Provides the legal framework for diplomacy, armed conflict, trade, human rights, and the functioning of international institutions — enforced through courts, arbitration, and state compliance.

The United States completed the withdrawal of its remaining forces from Iraq on 30 September, ending its continuous post-2014 military mission against Islamic State and its broader military presence 23 years after the US-led invasion. Washington says it will continue limited training and intelligence support, while concerns remain about Islamic State cells and Iranian-backed militias.