Colombia's 2016 peace deal between the government and FARC granted FARC leadership 10 seats in Colombia's Congress and established the Special Jurisdiction for Peace to investigate conflict atrocities.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has made controversial decisions in recent years that show potential political bias

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U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff will meet Russian President Vladimir Putin in St. Petersburg on October 21, 2026 to present an updated peace framework proposal

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U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in Oslo, Norway on October 20, 2026, alongside Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere and Finnish President Alexander Stubb

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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky stated after the October 20, 2026 Oslo meeting that Ukraine is prepared to halt strikes on Russian oil refineries if Moscow takes reciprocal steps

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Peace discussions held in Oslo on October 20, 2026 involved representatives from the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Poland, the European Union, and NATO

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Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere stated following the October 20, 2026 Oslo talks that Europe must be present at the negotiating table regarding the Russia-Ukraine war

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Sudan has been gripped by war since April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, drawing in local militias and foreign powers

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The oil-rich Abyei region is jointly administered by South Sudan and Sudan, with both nations maintaining competing territorial claims and experiencing frequent inter-ethnic or militia clashes

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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is expected to attend the peace negotiation meetings in Norway with Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff.

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Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff are set to travel to Norway during the week of October 19, 2026, for negotiations on ending the war in Ukraine.

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All of West Kordofan state, an oil-rich region linking western and eastern Sudan, is under the control of the Rapid Support Forces.

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The Rapid Support Forces' self-declared administration, Tasis, and Emergency Lawyers accused the Sudanese military of executing the drone attack on Al-Dibab.

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UN Undersecretary-General Rosemary DiCarlo informed the Security Council that the warring parties in Sudan are making no progress toward dialogue and rely on external support to make battlefield gains.

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The United Nations reported that more than 1,100 people were killed in drone attacks across Sudan during the first half of 2026.

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Emergency Lawyers reported that the Sudanese military bombed a market in al-Muglad with drones on Saturday, October 17, 2026.

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An October 18, 2026 drone strike near a market in Al-Dibab, West Kordofan state, killed 80 people, with 50 buried at the scene and 47 injured transported to Al-Mujlad, where 30 died from injuries.

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The UK Prime Minister's office distanced itself from mooted three-way peace talks involving the U.S., Russia, and China that would exclude Ukraine, stating Ukraine must speak for itself.

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Human Rights Watch sent a letter outlining its findings to Mali's defense minister on August 5, 2026, but received no response from Malian authorities.

Colombia's 2016 peace deal between the government and FARC granted FARC leadership 10 seats in Colombia's Congress and established the Special Jurisdiction for Peace to investigate conflict atrocities.

An international court is not necessary to hold perpetrators of international crimes accountable

An international court is not a necessary institution

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has made controversial decisions in recent years that show potential political bias

U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff will meet Russian President Vladimir Putin in St. Petersburg on October 21, 2026 to present an updated peace framework proposal

U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in Oslo, Norway on October 20, 2026, alongside Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere and Finnish President Alexander Stubb

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky stated after the October 20, 2026 Oslo meeting that Ukraine is prepared to halt strikes on Russian oil refineries if Moscow takes reciprocal steps

Peace discussions held in Oslo on October 20, 2026 involved representatives from the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Poland, the European Union, and NATO

Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere stated following the October 20, 2026 Oslo talks that Europe must be present at the negotiating table regarding the Russia-Ukraine war

Sudan has been gripped by war since April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, drawing in local militias and foreign powers

The oil-rich Abyei region is jointly administered by South Sudan and Sudan, with both nations maintaining competing territorial claims and experiencing frequent inter-ethnic or militia clashes

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is expected to attend the peace negotiation meetings in Norway with Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff.

Jared Kushner and Steve Witkoff are set to travel to Norway during the week of October 19, 2026, for negotiations on ending the war in Ukraine.

All of West Kordofan state, an oil-rich region linking western and eastern Sudan, is under the control of the Rapid Support Forces.

The Rapid Support Forces' self-declared administration, Tasis, and Emergency Lawyers accused the Sudanese military of executing the drone attack on Al-Dibab.

UN Undersecretary-General Rosemary DiCarlo informed the Security Council that the warring parties in Sudan are making no progress toward dialogue and rely on external support to make battlefield gains.

The United Nations reported that more than 1,100 people were killed in drone attacks across Sudan during the first half of 2026.

Emergency Lawyers reported that the Sudanese military bombed a market in al-Muglad with drones on Saturday, October 17, 2026.

An October 18, 2026 drone strike near a market in Al-Dibab, West Kordofan state, killed 80 people, with 50 buried at the scene and 47 injured transported to Al-Mujlad, where 30 died from injuries.

The UK Prime Minister's office distanced itself from mooted three-way peace talks involving the U.S., Russia, and China that would exclude Ukraine, stating Ukraine must speak for itself.

Human Rights Watch sent a letter outlining its findings to Mali's defense minister on August 5, 2026, but received no response from Malian authorities.