The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine's report submitted to the UN General Assembly concluded that Russian attacks on energy infrastructure were carried out pursuant to a state policy to deprive civilians of essential energy and cause suffering

An ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine that was sparked with Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014 and escalated into a full-scale invasion in February 2022, resulting in widespread casualties, displacement and significant geopolitical consequences for Europe and the world.