Global immunization

Global immunization encompasses the worldwide coordination of vaccination programs to protect populations from preventable infectious diseases through routine schedules, campaigns, and equitable vaccine access. The effort involves international organizations, national governments, and non-governmental partners working to extend vaccine coverage to all populations.

Despite decades of progress, global immunization faces persistent challenges including funding gaps, supply chain disruptions, vaccine hesitancy, and conflict-driven access barriers. The WHO reports that vaccination coverage has plateaued, and pandemic-era disruptions caused the largest sustained decline in childhood vaccination in three decades.