The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review suggested drug manufacturers may be raising launch prices to maximize profits before government Medicare price negotiations and most-favored nation pricing deals take effect.

Drug pricing and affordability, FDA drug approvals, clinical trial design, drug shortages, insurer coverage, pharmaceutical regulation, and medication access.

Drug pricing policy, insurance prior authorization, and essential drug shortages affecting medication affordability and access.

Government and insurer drug pricing negotiations, price controls, and affordability programs.