Another more complex consideration is internet connectivity—particularly bandwidth and latency. While adequate internet performance is essential for global decentralization and resilience against censorship, setting a reasonable threshold is not straightforward. Unlike hardware, there is no standard benchmark for internet access; availability varies widely by location, and high-speed connections may simply not exist in many regions. Moreover, internet access can be disrupted more easily than physical infrastructure and is vulnerable to monopolies or overreliance on specific providers, such as satellite-based systems like Starlink. Therefore, Vitalik Buterin suggested a more conservative approach when defining bandwidth requirements compared to hardware limitations.