Ethereum Foundation’s zkVM startegy includes targeting real-time proving, which must achieve 128-bit security, with a temporary minimum of 100 bits during initial deployment.
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Proofs must meet strict “real-time” benchmarks, including 10-second latency for 99% of blocks, 128-bit security (100-bit minimum at launch), proof sizes under 300 KiB, and the ability to run on hardware costing no more than $100,000 and using less than 10 kW.
On the proof system side, zkVMs targeting realtime proving should aim for 128 bits of security, which we consider the right long-term target for Ethereum L1.
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Technical standards for real-time zk-proving
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