Project Eleven’s Q-Day Prize directly challenges the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), which is central to Bitcoin’s transaction security and vulnerable to Shor’s algorithm.

Quotes that support claims

As Project Eleven notes, Bitcoin uses ECDSA for transaction signatures. Quantum computers, using Shor’s algorithm, could theoretically derive private keys from public keys

The challenge directly targets the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA), which underpins bitcoin’s security model.